India is one of the 12 mega diversity countries. It is estimated around 70,000 plant species, out of them 7500 plant species are used by 7800 medicinal values. About 300 plant species are used by 7800 medicinal drug manufacturing units in India, which consumed about 2000 tons of herbs annually. There are estimated to be more than 717,330 registered practioners of Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani and Homeopathy and Electro-homeopathy in India. In recent years the growing demand for herbal products has led to the extinction of many important plant herbs. Ashwagandha plant is also a rare and endangered plant. Withania somnifera Dunal (Ashwagandha) plant possesses a good anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-tumor, antioxidant, anticancer properties. Plant has many pharmacologically and medicinally important chemicals and they protect the cells from oxidative damage and diseases. In the present manuscript we have tried to unveil the therapeutic knowledge about Ashwagandha plant which is used to exploit the novel medicines.